Sizing composition



Patented Mar. 20, 1923.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BEUBE! KAISER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOB TO T. I. DUCHIE & SONS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A COPARTNERSHIP.

SIZING COMPOSITION.

Ho Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, REUBEN KAISER, residing at 2320 PowellAvenue. Bronx, New York city. in the county of New York. State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sizing (om osition; and I do hereby declare the following to he a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same This invention relates to sizing compositions. and it has for its object the provision of an improved sizing composition adapted to be used in the treating, coating and printing of papers and textiles as a substitute for glue. soluble gums, casein and various farinaceous materials.

In the manufacture of coated paper a coating material such as clay, or the'like, is ordinarily mixed with an adhesive material or size to cause it to adhere uniforml to the fibres of the paper so as to fill the body of the paper and form the desired surface. A size is also employed in the printing of wall paper and textile fabrics. being mixed with the coloring pigments and fillers to cause these materials to adhere evenly to the paper or fabric.

[11 orler for a size to be best adapted for this purpose, it must render the paper or fabric nonabsorbent of. ink or other liquids applied to them, and it should flow freely and dry quickly. (ilue, gums, casein and various farinaceous materials are widely used at present in these arts, but they are objectionable for well-known reasons.

I have discovered that a size which posses es these qualities to a remarkable degree can be made from Karaya gum. This improved size. when used in printing wall paper or fabric, also helps to bring out the colors to obtain the desired efi'ect and, at the same time, improves the permanence of the shades of the colors. The use of this size imparts a cloth-like appearance to the paper which has been printed with an ink containing it. It also prevents curling of the paper and makes it less liable to become brittle. as t tends to resist the action of the natural elements. thus causing the paper to endure and to retain its original lustre and clothlike apiearance for a remarkable length of time. iloreover, in the treatment of either Application filed November 29, 1922. Serial No. 804,081.

paper or fabric, it makes the coloring pig ments go further. M improved sizing composition possesses t ese properties to a greater extent than any other size of which I am aware.

In addition to these qualities, my improved sizing composition is much less expensive because of its great covering power,

,and its adhesiveness even when greatly diluted.

Karaya gum, sometimes called Kadaya gum, is an article of commerce similar to gum tragacanth and possesses somewhat similar properties. but its cost is much less than that of gum tragacanth. Karaya gum is derived from certain species of StercuZia and Gochlospermun gossypiu/m D. C. deciduous trees which grow abundantly in India, the more common species being Sterculz'a, urews Roxb, Sfcrcuh'u tragm'mltlm Lind, and Ste'r'culia, m'laaa, Roxb.

Karaya um, however, unlike gum tragacanth, wil not go into complete solution in water, but merely absorbs water and swells to a ver great degree. I have discovered that araya. gum can be made to dissolve in water, very much like gum tragacanth, instead of merely swelling or absorbing water as above, by adding a relatively small amount of oxalic acid.

Finished colors, or printing inks, prepared with my improved size, hold their original consistency over a considerable period of time, with practically no decomposition, separation, or change in viscosity.

In carrying out my invention in its preferred form I proceed :iccordin to the following specific example :-The liaraye gum is reduced to a powder and about 98% parts of powdered g'um intimately mixed with about 1% parts of oxalic acid in the form of small or stals or powder. This mixture is then ad ed to a relatively large amount of water, for example, in the ratio of about 100 parts of powder mixture to about 6000 parts of water. The resulting solution may then be mixed with inks of various colors which are to be used in the printing of the adhesive or size may be varied to suit the conditions, by using more or less Water.

It will be understood that in the foregoing example 1 may make various changes in the proportions of the ingredients and in the method of mixing same without depart ing from the scope or spirit of my invention.

Thus. in place of the oxalic acid I may use other dry acids having a strength comparable to that of oxalic acid or I may treat the gum with an acid solution prepared from other organic or even from inorganic acids, the said solution having an acidity, or hydrogen ion concentratioin comparable to the acidity of the oxalic acid. as used in the above example, afterwards evaporating, or otherwise. removing the excess moisture so as to obtain a solid dry product.

I claim:

I. A sizing composition comprising Karaya gum, and an acidic substance having an aeiditzy comparable to that of oxalic acid.

2. sizing composition comprising 1(araya gum, oxalic acid and water.

3. A dry product soluble in water comprising Karaya gum and oxalicacid.

4. A dry product containing Karaya gum and a sufficient amount of oxalic acid to render it water soluble.

5. A coated paper product comprisinu a paper base, and a coating containing araya gum and oxalic acid.

6. A dry roduct soluble in water com prising about 98%70 by weight of Karaya guxal, and about 1% by weight of oxalic aci In testimony whereof I afiix my signatnre.

REUBEN KAISER. 

